Anti-abortion extremists perpetrated an unprecedented level of violence in 1993 with the first murder of an abortion provider. Dr. David Gunn was shot and killed by a zealot in Pensacola, FL. Since that time, anti-abortion extremists have murdered or attempted to murder numerous other individuals who were involved in reproductive health care.

A chronology of abortion-related murders and shootings follows.

Date	State/Province	Case Status
11/2015	Colorado	Officer Garrett Swasey, Jennifer Markovsky, and Ke'Arre Stewart were shot and killed when an attacker entered a Planned Parenthood clinic in Colorado Springs, Colorado. Robert Lewis Dear has been charged with murder and attempted murder and is in custody.
5/2009	Kansas	Dr. George Tiller was shot and killed in his church in Wichita, Kansas. Anti-abortion extremist Scott Roeder confessed to the murder and was found guilty of first-degree murder and two counts of aggravated assault and sentenced to life in prison with the possibility of parole in 50 years.
10/1998	New York	Dr. Barnett Slepian was shot and killed in his home in Amherst, New York. James Kopp was convicted of second-degree murder in state court and received the maximum sentence of 25 years to life in prison. He was also convicted and sentenced to life on federal charges of violating the Freedom of Access to Clinic Entrances Act.
1/1998	Alabama	Officer Robert Sanderson was killed during a clinic bombing in Birmingham, AL. Emily Lyons, a nurse at the clinic was severely injured in the blast. Eric Robert Rudolph pled guilty and is serving a life sentence for the bombings at Olympic Park, a gay bar, and two abortion clinics including the Birmingham clinic.
11/1997	Manitoba	Dr. Jack Fainman was shot and injured in his home in Winnipeg, Manitoba. James Kopp was suspected in the shooting but not charged.
10/1997	New York	An unnamed physician was shot at in his home in Rochester, New York. James Kopp was suspected in the shooting but never charged.
11/1995	Ontario	Dr. Hugh Short was shot and injured in his home in Ancaster, Ontario. James Kopp was charged with attempted murder in the shooting, but those charges were later dropped.
12/1994	Massachusetts	Shannon Lowney and Leanne Nichols were shot and killed by John Salvi at two clinics in Brookline, Massachusetts. Five others were injured in the attacks. Salvi was sentenced to two life terms but committed suicide in prison in November 1996.
11/1994	Vancouver	Dr. Garson Romalis was shot and seriously wounded in his home in Vancouver, British Columbia. James Kopp was suspected in the shooting.
7/1994	Florida	Dr. John Bayard Britton and his escort, James H. Barrett were shot and killed in front of a clinic in Pensacola, Florida by Paul J. Hill. June Barrett was also shot and injured in the incident. Hill was executed by lethal injection on September 3, 2003.
8/1993	Kansas	Dr. George Tiller was shot and injured by Rachelle u201cShelleyu201d Shannon at his clinic in Wichita, Kansas. Shannon was sentenced to 11 years in prison for attempted first-degree murder. She is still in prison serving additional prison time for six arsons and two butyric acid attacks.
3/1993	Florida	Dr. David Gunn was shot to death by Michael Griffin in Pensacola, Florida. Griffin is serving a life sentence for murder.

Arsons and bombings at clinics can cause widespread destruction. Over 200 of these crimes have been committed against reproductive health care clinics since the mid-1970s.

A chronology of abortion related arsons and bombings follows.

Date	State/Province	Type	Est. Damage	Case Status
5/2016	California	ARSON		Police investigated the incident as an arson. No arrests were made.
10/2015	California	ARSON		Open
9/2015	Washington	ARSON		Open
8/2015	Louisiana	ARSON		Open
7/2015	Illinois	ARSON		Open
11/2014	Alabama	ARSON		Open
5/2012	Georgia	ARSON		Open
5/2012	Georgia	ARSON		Open
5/2012	Missouri	ARSON		Jedediah Stout pled guilty to is charged with attempted arson and violating the FACE Act. He was sentenced to 63 months imprisonment for these and other crimes.
4/2012	Wisconsin	ARSON		Francis Grady was sentenced to 11 years for arson of a Planned Parenthood facility in Grand Chute, WI.
1/2012	Florida	ARSON		Bobby Joe Rogers was sentenced to 10 years for arson and damaging a reproductive health facility.
8/2011	Michigan	BOMBING		Open
7/2011	Texas	ARSON		Open
12/2007	New Mexico	ARSON		Chad Altman and Sergio Baca pled guilty to conspiracy to commit arson. Altman was sentenced to 40-months incarceration, 3 years supervised release, and restitution in the amount of $796,531.92. Baca was sentenced to 46-months incarceration, 3 years supervised release, and restitution in the amount of $796,531.92.
5/2007	Virginia	ARSON		Remains open
7/2005	Florida	ARSON		Remains open
1/2005	Washington	ARSON	$500,000	Remains open
7/2004	Florida	ARSON		Remain open
1/2004	Florida	ARSON		Remains open
9/2003	Indiana	ARSON	$2,000	Remains open
5/2003	Florida	ARSON		Remains open
1/2003	Illinois	ARSON		Remains open
6/2002	Texas	ARSON		Remains open
6/2001	Washington	BOMB	$6,000	Remains open
6/2001	Washington	ARSON		Remains open
4/2001	Kentucky	ARSON		Remains open
5/2000	New Hampshire	ARSON	$20,000	Remains open
4/2000	Kentucky	ARSON		Remains open
4/2000	Florida	ARSON	$2-3,000	Remains open
8/1999	New Hampshire	ARSON	Approx. $20,000	Remains open
7/1999	California	ARSON	Minimal damage to the clinic. Approx $100,000 damage to the building housing the clinic.	Benjamin Matthew Williams and James Tyler Williams pled guilty and were sentenced to 21-30 years in jail for this fire and three synagogue arsons.
5/1999	New Mexico	ARSON	$5,000	Ricky Lee McDonald pleaded guilty and was sentenced to five years in jail.
4/1999	Wisconsin	ARSON	$500	Remains open
3/1999	South Dakota	ARSON	Minimal	Martin Uphoff was convicted of using explosives during a felony, and vandalism to a facility providing health care services (a FACE charge). Uphoff was sentenced to 60 months for the felony and 6 months for the FACE charge, to be served concurrently.
3/1999	New Mexico	ARSON	$3,000	Ricky Lee McDonald pleaded guilty and was sentenced to five years in jail.
3/1999	Wisconsin	ARSON	Minimal	Peter Quinn, 17, admitted to this arson. He is being charged in state court as an adult.He was sentenced as an adult to 5 years' imprisonment and 5 years' probation.
3/1999	North Carolina	BOMB	Minimal	Remains open
3/1999	Wisconsin	ARSON	$1,000	Peter Quinn, 17, admitted to this arson. He is being charged in state court as an adult.He was sentenced as an adult to 5 years' imprisonment and 5 years' probation.
9/1998	North Carolina	ARSON	$17,000	Remains open
9/1998	North Carolina	ARSON	$7,000	Remains open
9/1998	North Carolina	ARSON	$200	Remains open
3/1998	California	ARSON	$5,000	Remains open
12/1997	New York	ARSON	Minimal	Remains open
10/1997	Oregon	ARSON	$5,000	Remains open
8/1997	Alabama	ARSON	$250,000	Remains open
5/1997	Oregon	ARSON	$400,000	Remains open
5/1997	Washington	ARSON	$1,500	Remains open
3/1997	Montana	BOMB	$2,000	John Yankowski apprehended at clinic; convicted and sentenced to 5 years in prison.
3/1997	California	BOMB	$1,000	Container of flammable liquid thrown through the window.
3/1997	California	ARSON	Unknown	Peter Howard, a local activist, put 13 gas cans and 3 propane tanks in his truck and drove it thru the clinic door. He was caught on the scene, pled guilty and was sentenced to 15 yrs in prison and fined $16, 320.87 for damages and restitution.
3/1997	Iowa	BOMB	Unknown	Remains open
3/1997	North Carolina	BOMB	$50,000	Remains open
2/1997	Virginia	ARSON	$25,000	James Anthony Mitchell of VA pleaded guilty and was sentenced to ten years in jail in September 1997.
1/1997	Georgia	BOMB	$90,000+	2 explosions. Eric Robert Rudolph is serving a life sentence for the bombings at Olympic Park, a gay bar, and two abortion clinics including the Georgia clinic.
1/1997	Oklahoma	ARSON	$7,000	A juvenile was convicted in this and other arsons and bombings. Name sealed due to age.
1/1997	Oklahoma	BOMB	$2,500	A juvenile was convicted in this and other arsons and bombings. Name sealed due to age.
11/1996	Missouri	ARSON	$75,000	A juvenile was convicted in this and other arsons and bombings. Name sealed due to age.
9/1996	Oklahoma	BOMB	$1,000	A juvenile was convicted in this and other arsons and bombings. Name sealed due to age.
7/1996	Washington	BOMB	$50,000	Brian Rattigan, Verne Jay Merrell, Charles Barbee and Robert Berry were convicted of conspiring in the bombing of the clinic and a bank robbery.
7/1996	Idaho	ARSON	$50,000	Remains open
5/1996	Idaho	ARSON	$400	Remains open
11/1995	Florida	ARSON	$100	Remains open
11/1995	Florida	ARSON	$400	Remains open
9/1995	Wyoming	ARSON	$50,000	In October 1997, Richard Thomas Andrews was indicted for setting three fires to clinics in Redding and Chico.
8/1995	Florida	ARSON	$100,000	Remains open
8/1995	Florida	ARSON	$40,000	Remains open
8/1995	Oregon	ARSON	$200	Remains open
5/1995	Ohio	BOMB	Minimal	Remains open
3/1995	Virginia	ARSON	under $5,000	Jennifer Spearle and Ryan Clark Martin were convicted.
2/1995	California	ARSON	$500	Remains open
2/1995	California	ARSON	$300	Remains open
2/1995	California	ARSON	$50,000	Remains open
2/1995	California	ARSON	Minimal	Remains open
2/1995	New Mexico	ARSON	$5,000	Ricky Lee McDonald arrested by Services ATF 2/24/95 and convicted.
2/1995	Virginia	ARSON	$500	Remains open
2/1995	California	ARSON	$1,000	Remains open
1/1995	Pennsylvania	ARSON	unknown	Remains open
1/1995	New Mexico	ARSON	Minimal	Ricky Lee McDonald arrested by ATF 2/24/95 and convicted.
12/1994	Kansas	ARSON	$3,000	Remains open
12/1994	Virginia	ARSON	$400	Jennifer Spearle and Ryan Clark Martin were convicted.
12/1994	South Dakota	ARSON	$1,000	Remains open
11/1994	California	BOMB	Minimal	Remains open
10/1994	California	ARSON	$500	Remains open
10/1994	Montana	ARSON	$100,000	In October 1997, Richard Thomas Andrews was indicted for setting three fires to clinics in Redding and Chico.
10/1994	California	ARSON	$35,000	In October 1997, Richard Thomas Andrews was indicted for setting three fires to clinics in Redding and Chico.
10/1994	California	ARSON	$3,000	In October 1997, Richard Thomas Andrews was indicted for setting three fires to clinics in Redding and Chico.
8/1994	Minnesota	ARSON	$373,000	Remains open
8/1994	Ohio	ARSON	$100	Remains open
7/1994	Virginia	ARSON	$10,000	Remains open
12/1993	New York	ARSON	$150	Janet Smith was arrested for throwing two molotov cocktails.
11/1993	Pennsylvania	ARSON	$500	Remains open
10/1993	Texas	ARSON	$20,000	On 3/14/94, Joshua Graff pled guilty & was sentenced to 39 months in prison.
9/1993	Pennsylvania	ARSON	$130,000	Remains open
9/1993	Illinois	ARSON	$7,500	Remains open
9/1993	California	ARSON	$1.4 million	Remains open
9/1993	California	BOMB	$1,000	Remains open
8/1993	Florida	ARSON	$500,000	Remains open
5/1993	Idaho	ARSON	$100,000	In October 1997, Richard Thomas Andrews was indicted for setting three fires to clinics in Redding and Chico.
5/1993	Oregon	ARSON	$5,000	Remains open
3/1993	Montana	ARSON	$100,000	In October 1997, Richard Thomas Andrews was indicted for setting three fires to clinics in Redding and Chico.
2/1993	Florida	ARSON	$70,000	Remains open
2/1993	Texas	ARSON	$625,000	Remains open
12/1992	California	ARSON	$50,000	Remains open
11/1992	California	ARSON	$175,000	Rachelle Shannon pled guilty on 6/7/95 to 6 arson incidents and 2 acid incidents. Shannon was convicted of attempted murder of Dr. Tiller of Wichita, KS.
11/1992	Illinois	ARSON	$2,500	Remains open
9/1992	New Mexico	ARSON	$500	Remains open
9/1992	Virginia	ARSON	$25,000	Remains open
9/1992	Oregon	ARSON	$1,000+	Rachelle Shannon pled guilty on 6/7/95 to 6 arson incidents and 2 acid incidents. Shannon was convicted of attempted murder of Dr. Tiller of Wichita, KS.
9/1992	Nevada	ARSON	$600	Michael Andrew Fix was arrested on 9/28/92 by NV State Police. He was convicted in state court and sentenced to 2 years in prison.
9/1992	Nevada	ARSON	$5,000	Michael Andrew Fix was arrested on 9/28/92 by NV State Police. He was convicted in state court and sentenced to 2 years in prison
8/1992	Nevada	ARSON	Minimal	Michael Andrew Fix was arrested on 9/28/92 by NV State Police. He was convicted in state court and sentenced to 2 years in prison.
8/1992	Oregon	ARSON	$2,500	Rachelle Shannon pled guilty on 6/7/95 to 6 arson incidents and 2 acid incidents. Shannon was convicted of attempted murder of Dr. Tiller of Wichita, KS.
8/1992	California	ARSON	$5,000	Rachelle Shannon pled guilty on 6/7/95 to 6 arson incidents and 2 acid incidents. Shannon was convicted of attempted murder of Dr. Tiller of Wichita, KS.
7/1992	California	ARSON	$9,000	Remains open
6/1992	California	ARSON	$70,000	In October 1997, Richard Thomas Andrews was indicted for setting three fires to clinics in Redding and Chico.
5/1992	Toronto	ARSON		Remains open
3/1992	North Dakota	ARSON	$2,000	Remains open
3/1992	Oregon	ARSON	$225,000	Rachelle Shannon pled guilty on 6/7/95 to 6 arson incidents and 2 acid incidents. Shannon was convicted of attempted murder of Dr. Tiller of Wichita, KS.
3/1992	Ohio	ARSON	$1,000	Remains open
1/1992	Texas	ARSON	$300,000	Remains open
1/1992	Montana	ARSON	$75,000	Attributed to Richard Andrews though he was not charged due to statute of limitations.
11/1991	Florida	ARSON	Minimal	Remains open
8/1991	North Carolina	ARSON	$50,000	Remains open
5/1991	Alabama	ARSON	$80,000	Remains open
3/1991	New Jersey	ARSON	$500,000	Alan Weiselberg pled guilty to insurance and mail fraud. It was a prosecutorial decision not to prosecute on the arson charges.
3/1991	North Carolina	ARSON	Minimal	Robert Hugh Farley arrested 3/91. Committed to mental institution.
3/1991	North Carolina	ARSON	$100,000	Robert Hugh Farley arrested 3/91. Committed to mental institution.
2/1991	Ohio	ARSON	$250,000	Remains open
2/1991	Arizona	ARSON	$300	Remains open
2/1991	Ohio	BOMB	$10,000	Remains open
11/1990	Indiana	ARSON	$10,000	Closed under statute of limitations.
9/1990	Massachusetts	ARSON	Minimal	Closed under statute of limitations.
9/1990	California	ARSON	$50,000	David Brian Martin arrested for burglary; authorities ruled case not abortion-related.
8/1990	Washington	BOMB	$400	Closed under statute of limitations.
7/1990	California	ARSON	Minimal	Closed under statute of limitations.
7/1990	California	ARSON	$30,000	Closed under statute of limitations.
5/1990	Oregon	ARSON	$15,000	Daniel J. Carver indicted by state 6/1/90. Apprehended and pled guilty. Sentenced to three years in prison.
5/1990	New York	ARSON	Minimal	Shari DiNicola, arrested 5/28/90. Self-committed to mental institution. State will not prosecute
3/1990	Arizona	ARSON	Minimal	Closed under statute of limitations.
12/1989	Missouri	ARSON	$100,000	Two juveniles arrested on state juvenile charges for vandalism.
10/1989	New Jersey	ARSON	Minimal	Marjorie Reed pled guilty to this and multiple other arson charges in 1992.
9/1989	Michigan	BOMB	$300	Closed under statute of limitations.
9/1989	Pennsylvania	ARSON	$5,000	Closed under statute of limitations.
7/1989	New Hampshire	ARSON	$1,000	Closed under statute of limitations.
3/1989	Florida	ARSON	$50,000	Closed under statute of limitations.
3/1989	Tennessee	ARSON	$12,000	Closed under statute of limitations.
3/1989	Florida	ARSON	$60,000	Closed under statute of limitations.
3/1989	Florida	ARSON	$50,000	Closed under statute of limitations.
12/1988	Texas	ARSON	$25,000	Closed under statute of limitations.
12/1988	Texas	ARSON	$2,000	Closed under statute of limitations.
12/1988	Texas	ARSON	$65,000	Closed under statute of limitations.
10/1988	California	ARSON	$50,000	Shannon Taylor convicted in state and sentenced to 8 years in prison.
6/1988	California	ARSON	Minimal	Shannon Taylor convicted and sentenced to 8 years in prison.
12/1987	Alabama	ARSON	Minimal	Closed under statute of limitations.
10/1987	Minnesota	ARSON	Minimal	Closed under statute of limitations.
9/1987	Minnesota	ARSON	Minimal	Closed under statute of limitations.
9/1987	Minnesota	ARSON	$5,000	Closed under statute of limitations.
9/1987	Minnesota	ARSON	Minimal	Closed under statute of limitations.
8/1987	North Dakota	ARSON	$500	Scott Garman pled guilty. Sentenced to 2 months in prison, 2 years probation, and $215 fine. A juvenile was tried in state court and sentenced to two years deferred sentence and 100 hours community service.
7/1987	California	BOMB	Minimal	Dorman Owens, Joanne Kreipel, Cheryl Sullinger, Randy Sullinger, Chris Harmon, Robin Harmon and Erick Svelmoe were convicted of conspiracy and were given sentences ranging from 149 days to five years.
6/1987	Ohio	ARSON	$1,000	Marjorie Reed pled guilty to this and multiple other arson charges in 1992. She served 5 years and was released in September 1997.
3/1987	Ohio	ARSON	$1,000	Marjorie Reed pled guilty to this and multiple other arson charges in 1992. She served 5 years and was released in September 1997.
1/1987	Minnesota	ARSON	$1,500	Mark J. Bundlie confessed to arson. Committed indefinitely to state institution.
1/1987	Illinois	ARSON	Minimal	David Holman pled guilty. Received 18 months imprisonment and 3 years probation.
12/1986	California	ARSON	$35,000	Frederick Gordan Tipps arrested. Pled guilty to arson to cover burglary.
12/1986	New York	BOMB	Minimal	In connection with this and other New York bombings, Dennis John Malvasi pled guilty to 3 counts & received five years in prison; Carl Cenera pled guilty and received three years in prison; Frank Wright, Jr., pled guilty and received two years in prison.
12/1986	Michigan	ARSON	$750,000	Closed under statute of limitations.
12/1986	Illinois	ARSON	Minimal	David Holman pled guilty. Received 18 months imprisonment and 3 years probation.
11/1986	Illinois	ARSON	Minimal	David Holman pled guilty. Received 18 months imprisonment and 3 years probation.
10/1986	New York	BOMB	$10,000	In connection with this and other New York bombings, Dennis John Malvasi pled guilty to 3 counts & received five years in prison; CarlCenera pled guilty and received three years in prison; Frank Wright, Jr., pled guilty and received two years in prison.
6/1986	Missouri	ARSON	$100,000	Closed under statute of limitations.
6/1986	Kansas	BOMB	$100,000	Closed under statute of limitations.
5/1986	Ohio	ARSON	$200,000	Marjorie Reed pled guilty to this and multiple other arson charges in 1992. She served 5 years in prison and was released in September 1997.
12/1985	Ohio	ARSON	$75,000+	John Brockhoeft pled guilty to one count arson in connection with multiple cases. Sentenced to 7 years in prison. Released in 1995.
12/1985	Ohio	ARSON	$35,000	John Brockhoeft pled guilty to one count arson in connection with multiple cases. Sentenced to 7 years in prison. Released in 1995.
12/1985	New York	BOMB	Minimal	In connection with this and other NY bombings, Dennis John Malvasi pled guilty to 3 counts and received 5 years in prison; Carl Cenera pled guilty and received 3 years in prison; Frank Wright, Jr., pled guilty and received 2 years in prison. Donald C. pryor, Jr. pled guilty but died before sentencing.
12/1985	Ohio	ARSON	$20,000	Marjorie Reed pled guilty to this and multiple other arson charges in 1992. She served 5 years in prison and was released in September 1997.
10/1985	Louisiana	ARSON	$20,000	Brent Paul Braud, Derrick James Jarreau, John David Newchurch, and Charles Albert Cheshire Jr. each pled guilty to one count. Braud and Jarreau were sentenced to 2 years in prison and a $50 special assessment Newchurch was sentenced to 5 years, subject to review after a psychiatric exam.
10/1985	Louisiana	ARSON	$300,000	Brent Paul Braud, Derrick James Jarreau, John David Newchurch, and Charles Albert Cheshire Jr. each pled guilty to one count. Braud and Jarreau were sentenced to 2 years in prison and a $50 special assessment. Newchurch was sentenced to 5 years, subject to review after a psychiatric exam. Cheshire was sentenced to 5 years and ordered to pay $314,000 in restitution.
10/1985	North Carolina	ARSON	$75,000	Closed under statute of limitations.
3/1985	California	ARSON	$10,000	Shane Cameron arrested. Convicted on unrelated arson charges.
2/1985	Texas	ARSON	$1,500,000	Closed under statute of limitations.
1/1985	Washington, DC	BOMB	$100,000+	Kenneth Shields and Thomas Spinks.
12/1984	Florida	BOMB	$100,000+	Matthew Goldsby and James Simmons convicted in U.S. District Court; sentenced to 10 years in prison and $353,073.66 in fines. (Assessed only $350). Kathren Simmons and Kaye Wiggins convicted for conspiracy, received 5 years probation and $2,000 in fines. (Assessed only $50).
12/1984	Florida	BOMB	$225,000+	Matthew Goldsby and James Simmons convicted in U.S. District Court; sentenced to 10 years in prison and $353,073.66 in fines. (Assessed only $350). Kathren Simmons and Kaye Wiggins convicted for conspiracy, received 5 years probation and $2,000 in fines. (Assessed only $50).
12/1984	Florida	BOMB	$100,000+	Matthew Goldsby and James Simmons convicted in U.S. District Court; sentenced to 10 years in prison and $353,073.66 in fines. (Assessed only $350). Kathren Simmons and Kaye Wiggins convicted for conspiracy, received 5 years probation and $2,000 in fines.
12/1984	Maryland	BOMB	$150,000	Kenneth Shields and Thomas Spinks pled guilty to conspiracy in connection with this and 9 other cases. Shields received 15 years and was ordered to pay $55,000 in restitution. Michael Bray entered Alford plea, in which the defendant does not admit guilt but acknowledges he would be found guilty if tried, and was sentenced to six years.
11/1984	Maryland	BOMB	$300,000	Kenneth Shields and Thomas Spinks pled guilty to conspiracy in connection with this and 9 other cases. Shields received 15 years and was ordered to pay $55,000 in restitution.
11/1984	Washington, DC	BOMB	Minimal	Kenneth Shields and Thomas Spinks pled guilty to conspiracy in connection with this and 9 other cases. Shields received 15 years and was ordered to pay $55,000 in restitution. Michael Bray entered Alford plea, in which the defendant does not admit guilt but acknowledges he would be found guilty if tried, and was sentenced to six years.
11/1984	Maryland	BOMB	$50,000	Kenneth Shields and Thomas Spinks pled guilty to conspiracy in connection with this and 9 other cases. Shields received 15 years and was ordered to pay $55,000 in restitution.
11/1984	Texas	ARSON	$400,000	Closed under statute of limitations.
9/1984	Georgia	ARSON	$8,000+	Closed under statute of limitations.
9/1984	California	ARSON	$125,000+	Closed under statute of limitations.
9/1984	Georgia	ARSON	$5,000	Closed under statute of limitations.
9/1984	Texas	ARSON	Minimal	Closed under statute of limitations.
9/1984	Texas	ARSON	Minimal	Closed under statute of limitations.
9/1984	Texas	ARSON	$90,000	Closed under statute of limitations.
9/1984	Texas	ARSON	$10,000	Closed under statute of limitations.
8/1984	Texas	ARSON	$30,000	Closed under statute of limitations.
7/1984	Maryland	BOMB	$50,000+	Kenneth Shields and Thomas Spinks pled guilty to conspiracy in connection with this and 9 other cases. Shields received 15 years and was ordered to pay $55,000 in restitution.
7/1984	Washington, DC	BOMB	$40,000	Kenneth Shields & Thomas Spinks pled guilty to conspiracy in connection with this and 9 other cases. Shields received 15 years and was ordered to pay $55,000 in restitution.
6/1984	Florida	BOMB	$200,000	Matthew Goldsby and James Simmons were arrested. U.S. Attorney declined to prosecute because of changes in insanity law. Both men and their girlfriends were prosecuted and convicted in district court. See 12/84 Florida cases.
5/1984	Oregon	ARSON	$1,000	Closed under statute of limitations.
3/1984	Washington	ARSON	$55,000	Curtis Beseda convicted in U.S. District Court; received two consecutive 10-year terms, 5 years probation, and ordered to pay $295,000 in restitution.
3/1984	Washington	ARSON	$10,000	Curtis Beseda convicted in U.S. District Court; received two consecutive 10-year terms, 5 years probation, and ordered to pay $295,000 in restitution.
3/1984	Washington	ARSON	$70,000	Curtis Beseda convicted in U.S. District Court; received two consecutive 10-year terms, 5 years probation, and ordered to pay $295,000 in restitution.
2/1984	Maryland	ARSON	$100,000	Kenneth Shields & Thomas Spinks pled guilty to conspiracy in connection with this and 9 other cases. Shields received 15 years and $55,000 in restitution. Michael Bray entered Alford plea, in which the defendant does not admit guilt but acknowledges he would be found guilty if tried, and was sentenced to six years.
2/1984	Virginia	ARSON	$1,000	Kenneth Shields & Thomas Spinks pled guilty to conspiracy in connection with this and 9 other cases. Shields received 15 years and $55,000 in restitution. Michael Bray entered Alford plea, in which the defendant does not admit guilt but acknowledges he would be found guilty if tried, and was sentenced to six years.
1/1984	Delaware	ARSON	$100,000	Kenneth Shields & Thomas Spinks pled guilty to conspiracy in connection with this and 9 other cases. Shields received 15 years and $55,000 in restitution. Michael Bray entered Alford plea, in which the defendant does not admit guilt but acknowledges he would be found guilty if tried, and was sentenced to six years.
12/1983	Washington	ARSON	$45,000	Curtis Beseda convicted in U.S. District Court; received two consecutive 10-year terms, 5 years probation, and ordered to pay $295,000 in restitution.
5/1983	Virginia	ARSON	$250,000	Joseph Grace convicted in state court. Regarding this and other arson charges, he was sentenced to 10-20 years in Virginia state prison. Scheduled for release: April, 1999.
10/1982	New Jersey	ARSON	$100,000+	Closed under statute of limitations.
6/1982	Virginia	BOMB	$18,000	Don Benny Anderson & Matthew Moore convicted in state court. Both pled guilty and received 30 years, to be served consecutively with 30-year sentence received by Anderson, Matthew Moore and brother Wayne Moore for kidnapping of Illinois physician and his wife.
5/1982	Florida	ARSON	$340,000	Don Benny Anderson & Matthew Moore convicted in state court. Both pled guilty and received 30 years, to be served consecutively with 30-year sentence received by Anderson, Matthew Moore and brother Wayne Moore for kidnapping of Illinois physician and his wife.
5/1982	Florida	ARSON	$122,000	Don Benny Anderson & Matthew Moore convicted in state court. Both pled guilty and received 30 years, to be served consecutively with 30-year sentence received by Anderson, Matthew Moore and brother Wayne Moore for kidnapping of Illinois physician and his wife.
1/1982	Illinois	ARSON	$100,000+	Closed under statute of limitations.
4/1981	Michigan	ARSON	$30,000	Closed under statute of limitations.
2/1979	New York	ARSON	$100,000+	Peter Burkin entered clinic during working hours, set it on fire and injured himself, risking staff & patientsu00d5 lives. Acquitted of attempted murder and arson; found not guilty by reason of insanity on charges of arson and reckless endangerment.
6/1978	Iowa	BOMB	Unknown	Closed under statute of limitations.
6/1978	Ohio	BOMB	Unknown	Closed under statute of limitations.
5/1978	Vermont	BOMB	Unknown	Closed under statute of limitations.
2/1978	Ohio	ARSON	Unknown	Closed under statute of limitations.
2/1978	Ohio	BOMB	$3,000	Closed under statute of limitations.
2/1978	Ohio	ARSON	$200,000	Closed under statute of limitations.
2/1978	Ohio	ARSON	$100,000+	Closed under statute of limitations. (Man entered clinic, blinded a technician by throwing chemicals, and set center on fire, destroying it. Clinic was full of patients at the time; they escaped without injury).
11/1977	Ohio	ARSON	$4,000	Closed under statute of limitations.
8/1977	Nebraska	ARSON	$35,000	Closed under statute of limitations.
5/1977	Vermont	ARSON	$100,000+	Closed under statute of limitations.
2/1977	Minnesota	ARSON	$250,000	Closed under statute of limitations.
3/1976	Oregon	ARSON	$19,000	Joseph C. Stockett was convicted and served two years in prison.

Butyric acid is a clear, colorless liquid with an unpleasant, rancid, vomit-like odor. Anti-abortion extremists began using butyric acid as a weapon against abortion facilities in early 1992. The goal of introducing butyric acid into a clinic is to disrupt services, close the clinic, and harass patients and staff. Depending on the amount used and how it is introduced into the clinic, butyric acid can cause thousands of dollars of damage, requiring clinics to replace carpeting, furniture, and conduct extensive cleanup of the facility. In addition, even after cleanup, butyric acid’s smell leaves a reminder of the incident for months, and often years, to come.

There have been about 100 butyric acid attacks throughout the United States and Canada, causing in excess of $1 million in damages.

The table below contains fewer than 100 entries. This is because in many cases multiple clinics were targeted in the same city on the same day.

Date	State/Province	Est. Damage
7/1998	Texas	Unknown
7/1998	Texas	Unknown
7/1998	Texas	Unknown
7/1998	Texas	Unknown
7/1998	Louisiana	Unknown
7/1998	Louisiana	Unknown
7/1998	Louisiana	$13,000
7/1998	Louisiana	Unknown
7/1998	Louisiana	Unknown
5/1998	Florida	Unknown
5/1998	Florida	Unknown
5/1998	Florida	Unknown
5/1998	Florida	Unknown
5/1998	Florida	$3,000
5/1998	Florida	Unknown
5/1998	Florida	Unknown
5/1998	Florida	Unknown
5/1998	Florida	Unknown
5/1998	Florida	Unknown
11/1996	Alberta
5/1994	Texas	$1,000
5/1994	New York	$10,000
4/1994	New York	$60,000
4/1994	Nebraska	$1,000
2/1994	Indiana	Minor
2/1994	Wisconsin	$1,000
10/1993	Colorado	$1,000
8/1993	Wisconsin	$40,000
8/1993	Wisconsin	$10,000
5/1993	Indiana	$150,000
3/1993	California	$100,000+
3/1993	Kansas	$5,000
2/1993	Texas	$10,000
12/1992	Florida	$5,000
11/1992	Texas	$750
10/1992	Louisiana	unknown
10/1992	Florida	$3,000
10/1992	Louisiana	unknown
10/1992	Alabama	$25,000+
10/1992	Texas	$3,000
10/1992	Louisiana	$28,000
9/1992	Michigan	$40,000
9/1992	Texas	$500
9/1992	Michigan	$60,000
9/1992	Michigan	$13,000
9/1992	California	$7,000
9/1992	Michigan	$7,000
9/1992	Nevada	$2,000
7/1992	Michigan	$3,000
7/1992	Ohio	$20,000
6/1992	Kansas	$500
6/1992	Illinois	$5,000
6/1992	Illinois	$1,500
6/1992	Illinois	$2,000
5/1992	Tennessee	$200,000
4/1992	Kentucky	$800
4/1992	Michigan	$1,000
4/1992	Michigan	$5,000
3/1992	Texas	$25,000
3/1992	Colorado	$15,000
1/1991	Ontario	$1,000

Letters threatening anthrax poisoning were first used to terrorize and disrupt reproductive health care clinics in October 1998, just days after the murder of abortion provider Dr. Barnett Slepian. At that time, about a dozen clinics across the country received letters that claimed to contain anthrax toxin. They threatened that clinic personnel exposed to the letters would die. Since then, additional anthrax threat letters have been received by clinics in February and June 1999, January 2000, October and November 2001, and January 2002. As of January 2002, approximately 654 letters have been received by clinics across the United States.

Letters were postmarked from various places including Kentucky, Ohio, Georgia, New York, and Washington, DC. Early letters contained no return addresses, but after law enforcement agents advised clinic personnel around the country to avoid opening mail from anonymous senders, letters started arriving with phony return addresses that included fictitious medical supply companies, the department of taxation, other clinics, law enforcement agencies, and pro-choice organizations.

While investigation has proven that none of the letters have actually contained anthrax toxin, virtually every case has resulted in frightening clinic staff and patients, disrupting services, and wasting valuable law enforcement resources.

The 554 letters sent via U.S. Mail and FedEx in 2001 have been attributed to anti-abortion extremist Clayton Waagner. Waagner was convicted in December 2003 of various charges including threatening the use of a weapon of mass destruction for sending the letters. He was sentenced to 19 years in prison.

Chronology of Anthrax Threat Letters

1998	12
1999	35
2000	30
2001	554
2002	23
2003	0
2004	1
2005	0
2006	0
2007	1
2008	3
2009	2
2010	4
2011	3
2012	7
2013	0
2014	1
2015	6
2016	36
Total	718